Symbolism in the World of Cinema

As you have probably noticed from my previous articles, my favorite thing about cinema is how directors convey hidden meanings through the use of symbolism. In this article, I want to focus on what is symbolism, why is it used, and provide some examples of it.

What is symbolism?

Symbolism is the use of symbols to represent certain ideas and meanings. In the world of cinema, symbolism can deepen the understanding of the film and provide opportunities for different interpretations. This technique adds depth to the story, engaging the audience's imagination and prompting them to understand the narrative in a unique and personal way. Symbolism helps express characters' inner thoughts, highlight themes, and establish atmosphere, resulting in visually and emotionally impactful stories.

There are also various types of symbolism: object, character, color, music, etc.

Object Symbolism

Objects are used in symbolism to represent certain ideas or concepts. One of the famous examples of object symbolism can be found in Christopher Nolan's Inception (2010).

Depending on whether the spinning top has fallen or continues to spin, the protagonist could understand whether he is in a dream or in reality. In the final scene, the main character spins the top and leaves without waiting for the outcome, which symbolizes the rejection of the eternal tossing between dream and reality. It doesn't matter to him anymore whether he is in a dream or in reality, as he is just happy to be reunited with his children.

In another interpretation, the spinning top symbolizes the guilt that the protagonist feels for his deceased wife. When at the end he goes away from the top, the hero lets go of the past and decides to be happy with his children.

Spinning top from Inception (2010) as an example of object symbolism

Character Symbolism

In some movies, even the characters themselves can symbolize abstract ideas and concepts. For example, Tyler Durden in Fight Club (1999) can be considered a symbol of rebellion and anarchy. He embodies the protagonist's desire to break free from societal constraints and question the established norms. Or the Joker from The Dark Knight (2008) who became the symbol of chaos, anarchy, and mental illnesses.

Tyler Durden and the Joker as examples of character symbolism

Color Symbolism

Color symbolism in movies helps to portray the story’s theme and mood, as well as the characters' emotions and feelings. The color symbolism in Oz the Great and Powerful (2013) helps the viewers understand the story’s message more effectively.

The movie starts in black and white, symbolizing the dull and lifeless reality of Kansas. However, as soon as the protagonist gets to the Land of Oz, the film turns into a colorful marvel. In that way, the use of color, specifically the shift from black and white to color highlights the difference between the two places and complements the story.

Black and White Kansas and Colorful Land of Oz as examples of color symbolism

Music Symbolism

Music is a powerful tool in filmmaking, and its use can carry symbolic meaning. Music in films not only complements the narrative but also enhances the emotional impact of the scenes they accompany. The right musical choices can contribute significantly to the overall impact and meaning of a movie.

As an example, I will give two compositions by Hans Zimmer "Time" and "Dream is Collapsing" from Inception.

"Time" is a slow-building and emotive composition that captures a sense of urgency. The ticking sound in the background symbolizes the concept of time running out, a central theme in Inception. As the track progresses, it builds a feeling of tension and impending climax. "Time" is prominently featured in the film's emotional and climactic scenes.

"Dream is Collapsing" is an intense and dynamic piece that conveys a sense of urgency, danger, and chaos. The title itself suggests a sense of impending collapse or crisis within the dream world. The music intensifies the feeling of instability and the blurring lines between dreams and reality. This track is often associated with action sequences and moments of heightened tension in the film. It reflects the collapsing dream worlds and the challenges faced by the characters.

Hans Zimmer’s “Time” and “Dream is Collapsing” as examples for music symbolism

Conclusion

In conclusion, the art of symbolism in cinema serves as a captivating realm where hidden meanings unfold. Symbolism becomes a powerful vehicle for directors to invite viewers into a world of rich interpretations. Hopefully, with the help of this article you were able to learn something new about symbolism.

Reference

Nolan, C. (Director). (2010). Inception. [Film]. Warner Bros. Pictures; Legendary Pictures; Syncopy.

Fincher, D. (Director). (1999). Fight Club. [Film]. Fox 2000 Pictures; Regency Enterprises; Linson Films.

Nolan, C. (Director). (2008). The Dark Knight. [Film]. Warner Bros. Pictures; Legendary Pictures; Syncopy.

Raimi, S. (Director). (2013). Oz the Great and Powerful. [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures; Roth Films.

Zimmer, H. (2010). Time [Song]. On Inception: Music from the Motion Picture. [Album]. Reprise.

Zimmer, H. (2010). Dream is Collapsing [Song]. On Inception: Music from the Motion Picture. [Album]. Reprise.